Glossary & framework library

Closed-ended fund

Investment

Reference

A fund with a fixed life and committed capital raised in a defined window, deploying then exiting assets over a set term — the standard structure for value-add and opportunistic strategies.

Related terms

  • Co-investment

    An opportunity for an LP to invest additional capital directly into a specific deal alongside the fund, usually at reduced or no fees and promote.

  • Common equity

    The most junior, highest-risk layer of the capital stack; it absorbs first losses but captures all residual upside after debt and preferred equity are paid.

  • Core

    A low-risk strategy targeting stabilised, well-let assets in prime locations.

  • Core-plus

    A moderate-risk strategy on largely stabilised assets with some upside from light improvement.

  • Distribution waterfall

    The contractual order in which cash is split between investors and sponsor — typically return of capital, then a preferred return, then a catch-up, then a prom…

  • Diversification

    Spreading capital across assets, sectors, or geographies whose returns do not move together to reduce portfolio risk without a proportional cut in expected ret…

  • DPI

    Distributions to paid-in capital: cash actually returned to LPs divided by capital they have contributed — the realised, cash-in-hand measure of fund performan…

  • Due diligence

    The investigation of an asset legal, physical, and financial condition before purchase.