Glossary & framework library

Capitalisation rate (cap rate)

Investment

Reference

The ratio of net operating income to value; a lower cap rate implies a higher price for the same income.

Related terms

  • Cash-on-cash return

    Annual pre-tax cash flow divided by the equity invested.

  • Clawback

    A provision requiring the sponsor to return promote it was paid earlier if later losses mean the LPs did not ultimately receive their agreed preferred return.

  • Closed-ended fund

    A fund with a fixed life and committed capital raised in a defined window, deploying then exiting assets over a set term — the standard structure for value-add…

  • Co-investment

    An opportunity for an LP to invest additional capital directly into a specific deal alongside the fund, usually at reduced or no fees and promote.

  • Common equity

    The most junior, highest-risk layer of the capital stack; it absorbs first losses but captures all residual upside after debt and preferred equity are paid.

  • Core

    A low-risk strategy targeting stabilised, well-let assets in prime locations.

  • Core-plus

    A moderate-risk strategy on largely stabilised assets with some upside from light improvement.

  • Distribution waterfall

    The contractual order in which cash is split between investors and sponsor — typically return of capital, then a preferred return, then a catch-up, then a prom…