The export-oriented industries that drive a city income and, in turn, its real estate demand.
Related terms
- Externality
A cost or benefit from an activity that falls on third parties not involved in it; a new metro line's uplift to nearby land value, or congestion from a poorly…
- Foreign direct investment (FDI)
Cross-border investment where a foreign entity takes a lasting stake in local assets or operations; Gulf sovereign wealth flows into Egyptian and African real…
- Gentrification
The process by which rising investment and wealthier residents displace lower-income occupants of a district; visible in parts of Cairo's downtown and inner-ci…
- Gross domestic product (GDP)
The total value of goods and services produced in an economy over a period; real estate demand tracks GDP growth, which is why analysts anchor absorption forec…
- Gross national income (GNI)
The total income earned by a country's residents including net income from abroad; for remittance-heavy economies like Egypt, GNI captures household purchasing…
- Inflation
The rate at which the general price level rises, eroding purchasing power; in Egypt and Nigeria double-digit inflation is a primary reason investors treat real…
- Infrastructure-led growth
Development demand created by new transport, utilities, or public investment.
- Labour force participation
The share of the working-age population that is employed or actively seeking work; low female participation across MENA is a key swing factor in household inco…